Curriculum Development
marjan sojoodi; Marzieh Dehghani; mohamad javadipour; Reza Zaefarian
Abstract
Idea Generation and innovation creates a favorable environment for cultivating the seeds of ideas in children's minds and creates in them a new vision for looking differently, innovation and self-efficacy; This is especially important in the curriculum of the elementary school. Based on this, the present ...
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Idea Generation and innovation creates a favorable environment for cultivating the seeds of ideas in children's minds and creates in them a new vision for looking differently, innovation and self-efficacy; This is especially important in the curriculum of the elementary school. Based on this, the present research was conducted in order to identify the fundamental factors affecting the flourishing of ideas and innovation among elementary school students. The present study is practical in terms of purpose and the research approach is qualitative and phenomenological. The sample size was 12 people and sampling was done in a targeted way. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview. Data analysis was done using Claysey's method. The identified factors in the flourishing of children's ideation and innovation included four main factors. The first factor, "idea search tools", includes the application of idea search techniques and creative strategies, games and gamification, and innovative activities and assignments. The second factor, "mental factors" includes; Students' questioning and the power of imagination and mental imagery, the third factor "inspiring teachers and parents" includes the guiding role of the teacher, encouraging and knowledgeable parents and proactive and active teachers and the fourth factor "atmosphere and physical space" which includes the atmosphere and physical space and The governance was an atmosphere of trust and acceptance. The results of the current research show the broad angles and dimensions of ideation and innovation, and the activation of these angles through the factors identified in this study plays a significant role in realizing the goals of the elementary school and provides the ground for cultivating thinkers, active and free-thinking learners. Makes. On the one hand, searching for ideas promotes individual and social identity and independence and increases the self-confidence of elementary school students, and on the other hand, from a practical point of view, it leads to the active participation of children in educational activities and special events of the elementary school.
Curriculum Development
Nazanin Ghasemi; Marzieh Dehghani
Abstract
Reflection and teaching are two inseparable concepts and the combination of these two has led to the formation of the concept of reflective teaching. In reflective teaching, teachers think about the entire teaching-learning process that takes place in the classroom. The purpose of this study is to explore ...
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Reflection and teaching are two inseparable concepts and the combination of these two has led to the formation of the concept of reflective teaching. In reflective teaching, teachers think about the entire teaching-learning process that takes place in the classroom. The purpose of this study is to explore different aspects of teachers' reflective teaching at school.This study was conducted using Qualitative approach and Meta-Synthesis method. In the Meta-Synthesis, the seven-step method of Sandeliski and Barroso (2006) was used, which includes some processes like; setting research questions, systematic review, finding out and selecting basics, extracting and analyzing findings, analysis and synthesis, quality control and presenting meta-synthesis.The research findings showed reflective teaching mainly has three aspects. One of them is various dimensions of reflective teaching; which include having reflection before the act of teaching, during the teaching, and after the teaching. The second aspect refers to reflective teaching strategies like; observing own self-performance of teaching, students' feedback, action research, journalling, using portfolio, and collaboration with colleagues in teaching. The third and last aspect is related to the requirements of reflective teaching, which is included professional, personal, and socio-cultural factors. The meta-Synthesis showed that teachers' reflective teaching in school is a complex and multi-dimensional practice. Teachers' reflection in reflective teaching is not limited to reflection before teaching, they reflect on the teaching and learning process during and after teaching. Using different strategies, teachers look at teaching and learning from different perspectives, including themselves, students, and colleagues. Of course, reflective teaching of teachers in school requires requirements such as personality factors, professional factors, and socio-cultural factors. For reflective teaching, teachers must have unique personality traits such as patience, criticism, and flexibility. Professional factors related to teachers' reflective teaching also include things such as how to face teaching and learning issues, providing learning opportunities, and how to communicate with students. Socio-cultural factors are another requirement of reflective teaching, which is related to the existence of a suitable social and cultural atmosphere for the interaction of teachers with students, the interaction of teachers with each other, and school staff.
zahra abolhasani; marziyeh dehghani; mohamad javadipour; Keyvan Salehi; nasrin mohamad hasani
Abstract
IntroductionDue to the usability of the work and technology curriculum in life, as well as its important role in motivating and aspiring to jobs in society and helping to choose a field, the country's educational system has paid special attention to the work and technology curriculum. The purpose of ...
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IntroductionDue to the usability of the work and technology curriculum in life, as well as its important role in motivating and aspiring to jobs in society and helping to choose a field, the country's educational system has paid special attention to the work and technology curriculum. The purpose of this study was to qualitatively review the challenges and strengths of the work and technology curriculum and strategies to improve the implementation of the work and technology curriculum. MethodFor this purpose, the phenomenographic method was used. Targeted sampling method with snowball technique was available for experts and targeted teachers, number of participants according to data saturation 6 experts; 25 teachers were selected. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. Data analysis was performed using a 7-step clays method. To validate the data strategies such as data collection triangulation; Interviewees' reviews of the impressions and codings and the review of the collaborating researchers and the agreement between the researcher and the participants in the research were used.ResultsResearch results in three sections: challenges and obstacles to implementation; The strengths of the work and technology curriculum and the proposed solutions to improve this were obtained from the perspective of experts and teachers.DiscussionFindings were obtained from the perspective of teachers and experts that the challenges and obstacles to the implementation of work and technology course include five themes "limitation, teacher, content relevance, comprehensive evaluation system, social factors" with eleven sub-themes "facilities, financial resources, physical space , Time, specialized teacher, skill category (knowledge enhancement), disproportion to the need, imbalance in content, weakness in the implementation of evaluation, lack of cultural background, low status and value of work and technology among officials "and the strengths of the two "Technical aspect, knowledge-building" and five sub-themes "entrepreneurship, appropriate academic guidance, creativity, craftsmanship, general skills" and in the solutions two themes "improving curriculum elements, motivating" and six sub-themes "content, evaluation" "Facilities, hidden curriculum, communication channels, salaries and benefits.”
